HPRT(Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase) is a crucial cytoplasmic protein composed and belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family. HPRT plays a vital role in purine metabolism as a purine salvage enzyme. HPRT catalyzes the conversion of hypoxanthine and guanine into their respective mononucleotides, inosine monophosphate and guanosine monophosphate, thereby facilitating the recycling of purines, which are essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. HPRT exists as a homotetramer and requires two magnesium ions as cofactors for enzymatic activity. Deficiencies in HPRT can lead to serious metabolic disorders, including gout and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, highlighting HPRT′s importance in maintaining purine homeostasis.