P55265

ADAR1 plays a crucial role in RNA editing by converting adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA, essential for gene expression regulation and cellular homeostasis maintenance. This editing process is particularly important in immune response, as ADAR1 can modulate viral RNA recognition, influencing host response to infections. ADAR1 is expressed from an interferon-response promoter and features a Z-DNA/Z-RNA binding domain at N-terminus, vital for RNA editing function. ADAR1′s ability to bind short interfering RNA (siRNA) suggests potential limitation of siRNA-mediated gene silencing in mammalian cells, making ADAR1 a critical player in RNA biology and therapeutic applications.