P0DP23, P0DP24, P0DP25

Calmodulin plays a crucial role as a universal calcium sensor, regulating intracellular calcium levels vital for numerous physiological processes. Calmodulin is primarily located in the cytoplasm, where Calmodulin interacts with various target proteins to mediate calcium signaling pathways. This localization enables rapid response to changes in calcium concentration, facilitating involvement in diverse cellular functions such as muscle contraction, cell proliferation, and neurotransmitter release. Calmodulin′s structure, characterized by four helix-loop-helix calcium-binding domains, enables conformational changes upon calcium binding, critical for interacting with and modulating various enzymes and ion channels.