Q99259

GAD1 also known as GAD67, SCP is one of several forms of glutamic acid decarboxylase, identified as a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. GAD1 plays a crucial role in the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GAD1 is essential for maintaining the balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals in the central nervous system, which is vital for normal brain function and preventing neurological disorders. Unlike GAD2, which is localized to synaptic vesicle membranes in nerve terminals and activated during increased demand for GABA, GAD1 is distributed throughout the cell and is responsible for the basal levels of GABA synthesis. Loss of GAD1 can lead to severe consequences, including lethality, highlighting GAD-67′s importance in neurotransmission.