Artemis also known as DCLRE1C is a nuclear protein that is involved in V(D)J recombination and DNA repair. Artemis plays a crucial role in DNA damage response, specifically in repairing double-strand breaks, which are critical for maintaining genomic stability. Artemis interacts with DNA and other repair proteins, highlighting its importance in cellular processes that safeguard against mutations and cancer. Artemis functions as a single-strand-specific 5′ to 3′ exonuclease and forms a complex with DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs), which phosphorylates Artemis, enabling endonucleolytic activity on 5′ and 3′ overhangs and hairpins. These activities are vital for V(D)J recombination and DNA end processing during nonhomologous end joining, essential mechanisms for immune system development.