Q96P20

NLRP3 also known as Cryopyrin, NALP3 is a pyrin-like protein containing a pyrin domain, a nucleotide-binding site (NBS) domain, and a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) motif. NLRP3 plays a vital role in the innate immune response by detecting pathogenic microorganisms and cellular stress. Structurally, NLRP3 contains a central nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NACHT), multiple leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) at the C-terminus, and an N-terminal pyrin domain (PYD), which are essential for assembling and activating the inflammasome. Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination, regulate NLRP3′s activity and stability, thereby controlling the activation of caspase-1 and the subsequent processing and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and IL-18.