P03372

ERα(Estrogen Receptor α) also known as ESR1 is a ligand-activated transcription factor belonging to the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily. ERα plays a critical role in regulating the normal function of reproductive tissues. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of ERα, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, acetylation, and methylation, are crucial for modulating activity, stability, cellular localization, and interactions with co-regulatory proteins. For instance, phosphorylation at specific serine residues can enhance or repress ERα′s transcriptional activity, influencing gene expression involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. Ubiquitination targets ERα for proteasomal degradation, thereby controlling receptor levels within the cell and affecting hormonal responsiveness.