UCP2 is a member of the solute carrier family 25 (SLC25A8), is an integral mitochondrial inner membrane protein that plays a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. By acting as a proton carrier, UCP2 uncouples oxidative phosphorylation from ATP synthesis, dissipating the electrochemical gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane. This uncoupling reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and protects cells from oxidative stress, highlighting UCP2′s importance in cellular defense mechanisms. Unlike UCP1, which is primarily found in brown adipose tissue and is specialized for thermogenesis, UCP2 is widely expressed in various tissues, including white adipose tissue, muscle, and immune cells. UCP2 is implicated in critical physiological processes such as energy balance, glucose metabolism, and regulation of body weight.