AIM2 also known as PYHIN4 is a member of the IFI20X /IFI16 family. AIM2 plays a crucial role in the immune response by detecting cytosolic DNA, which indicates infection or cellular damage. Upon binding to DNA, AIM2 forms a complex with the adaptor protein ASC, leading to Caspase-1 activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine release, thereby promoting an inflammatory response. This function is particularly important in tumor suppression, as AIM2 represses NFκB transcriptional activity, which is often upregulated in various cancers. Localized primarily in the nucleus, AIM2 contains one DAPIN domain and one HIN-200 domain, with the DAPIN domain facilitating protein-protein interactions and the HIN-200 domain enabling direct DNA binding.