SDF1 also known as CXCL12 is a stromal cell-derived alpha chemokine member of the intercrine family. SDF1 plays a crucial role in the immune response by acting as a potent chemoattractant for T cells and monocytes, facilitating their migration to sites of inflammation or injury. SDF1 is primarily located in the extracellular space and is secreted by various cell types, including stromal cells, which underscores SDF1′s importance in the regulation of immune cell trafficking and tissue homeostasis. Notably, SDF1 exists in six human isoforms due to alternative splicing, which allows for diverse functional roles in different physiological contexts. The interaction of SDF1 with CXCR-4 receptor is particularly significant as SDF1 has been identified as a major co-receptor for T-tropic HIV-1, highlighting SDF1′s relevance in both immune response and viral pathogenesis.