Perilipin-1 also known as PLIN1 is the major cAMP-dependent protein kinase substrate in adipocytes. Perilipin-1 plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism by localizing on the surface of intracellular lipid droplets within adipocytes. This localization allows Perilipin-1 to protect lipid storage droplets until mobilization by hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), thereby regulating adipocyte lipid metabolism. As a key modulator of lipolysis, Perilipin-1′s function is vital in maintaining energy homeostasis, and dysregulation has been associated with obesity, where elevated levels can lead to increased fat storage. Additionally, Perilipin-1 undergoes post-translational modifications, particularly phosphorylation, which enhances sensitivity to HSL, thus playing a pivotal role in the lipolytic process.