P01009

SERPINA1 also known as A1AT, AAT, alpha1AT is a serine protease inhibitor belonging to the serpin superfamily whose targets include elastase, plasmin, thrombin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and plasminogen activator. SERPINA1 plays a crucial role in protecting lung tissue from damage caused by Neutrophil Elastase, an enzyme that can lead to pulmonary emphysema, a serious and irreversible lung condition characterized by the loss of elasticity in lung tissue. This 394 amino acid hepatic acute phase protein is primarily synthesized in the liver and is also found in lower concentrations in macrophages. SERPINA1′s structure is particularly important as a highly polymorphic glycosylated serum protein, exhibiting distinct isoelectric-focusing patterns for various genetic variants. The gene encoding SERPINA1 is located on human chromosome 14, adjacent to a related serine protease inhibitor gene that encodes corticosteroid-binding globulin.