SirT5(Sirtuin 5) is a member of the sirtuin family of proteins, homologs to the yeast Sir2 protein. SIRT5 is primarily localized in mitochondria, where SIRT5 plays a significant role in metabolic regulation and may influence aging processes in humans. Mitochondrial localization of SIRT5 enables direct interaction with various metabolic pathways, including fatty acid oxidation and urea cycle. SIRT5 deacetylates specific mitochondrial proteins, modulating their activity and contributing to overall metabolic homeostasis of cells. Suramin can inhibit SIRT5 by disrupting growth factor binding, highlighting SIRT5′s potential as a therapeutic target in metabolic disorders. Two SIRT5 isoforms arise from alternative splicing, further diversifying functional roles within cells.