P00533

EGFR plays a crucial role in cell signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Located primarily on the cell membrane, EGFR is activated upon binding to ligands, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα), leading to receptor dimerization and subsequent activation of intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. This activation triggers a cascade of downstream signaling pathways, including the RAS-RAF-MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathways, which are essential for normal cellular functions and tissue homeostasis. However, aberrant activation of EGFR is frequently associated with various cancers, as EGFR can lead to uncontrolled cell division and tumor progression. EGFR′s ability to undergo post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, further enhances signaling capabilities and contributes to oncogenic potential.