P40692

MLH1 (MutL homolog 1) plays a crucial role in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) process, which is vital for maintaining genetic stability by correcting DNA replication errors. MLH1 helps identify deficiencies linked to various human cancers, particularly due to mutations or epigenetic silencing of the MLH1 gene. MLH1 is predominantly located in the nucleus, where MLH1 forms a complex with other MMR proteins to identify and repair mismatched DNA bases, thereby preventing mutations that could lead to tumorigenesis. MLH1 expression is notably observed in various tissues, including lymphocytes, heart, colon, breast, lung, spleen, testis, prostate, thyroid, and gall bladder, with MLH1 methylation being a common feature in several ovarian tumors.